NAME
install —
install binaries
SYNOPSIS
install |
[-bcprsU]
[-a
command]
[-B
suffix]
[-D
destdir]
[-f flags]
[-g group]
[-h hash]
[-l
linkflags]
[-M
metalog]
[-m mode]
[-N dbdir]
[-o owner]
[-S
stripflag]
[-T tags]
file1 file2 |
install |
[-bcprsU]
[-a
command]
[-B
suffix]
[-D
destdir]
[-f flags]
[-g group]
[-h hash]
[-l
linkflags]
[-M
metalog]
[-m mode]
[-N dbdir]
[-o owner]
[-S
stripflag]
[-T tags]
file1 ... fileN directory |
install |
-d [-pU]
[-a
command]
[-D
destdir]
[-g group]
[-M
metalog]
[-m mode]
[-N dbdir]
[-o owner]
[-T tags]
directory ... |
DESCRIPTION
The file(s) are copied (or linked if the
-l option is
specified) to the target file or directory. If the destination is a directory,
then the
file is copied into
directory with its original filename. If the target file
already exists, it is either renamed to
file.old if the
-b option is given or overwritten if permissions allow; an
alternate backup suffix may be specified via the
-B option's
argument.
-
-
- -a
command
- Run command on the target after
installation and stripping (-s), but before ownership,
permissions or timestamps are set and before renaming
(-r) occurs. command is invoked
via the sh(1) shell, allowing a
single -a argument be to specified to
install which the shell can then tokenize.
-
-
- -B
suffix
- Use suffix as the backup suffix if
-b is given. If suffix contains a
'%' sign, a numbered backup will be performed, and the %-pattern will be
expanded using sprintf(3),
given an integer counter as the backup number. The counter used starts
from 0, and the first available name resulting from the expansion is
used.
-
-
- -b
- Backup any existing files before overwriting them by
renaming them to file.old. See
-B for specifying a different backup suffix.
-
-
- -c
- Copy the file. This is the default behavior; the flag is
maintained for backwards compatibility only.
-
-
- -D
destdir
- Specify the
DESTDIR
(top of the
file hierarchy) that the items are installed in to. If
-M metalog is in use, a leading
string of “destdir” will be removed from
the file names logged to the metalog. This option
does not affect where the actual files are installed.
-
-
- -d
- Create directories. Missing parent directories are created
as required.
-
-
- -f
flags
- Specify the target's file flags. (See
chflags(1) for a list of
possible flags and their meanings.)
-
-
- -g
group
- Specify a group.
-
-
- -h
hash
- When copying, calculate the digest of the files with
hash to store in the -M
metalog. Supported digests:
-
-
- none
- No hash. This is the default.
-
-
- md5
- The MD5 cryptographic message digest.
-
-
- rmd160
- The RMD-160 cryptographic message digest.
-
-
- sha1
- The SHA-1 cryptographic message digest.
-
-
- sha256
- The 256-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the
file.
-
-
- sha384
- The 384-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the
file.
-
-
- sha512
- The 512-bits SHA-2 cryptographic message digest of the
file.
-
-
- -l
linkflags
- Instead of copying the file make a link to the source. The
type of the link is determined by the linkflags
argument. Valid linkflags are:
a (absolute), r (relative),
h (hard), s (symbolic),
m (mixed). Absolute and relative have effect only
for symbolic links. Mixed links are hard links for files on the same
filesystem, symbolic otherwise.
-
-
- -M
metalog
- Write the metadata associated with each item installed to
metalog in an
mtree(8) “full
path” specification line. The metadata includes: the file name and
file type, and depending upon other options, the owner, group, file flags,
modification time, and tags.
-
-
- -m
mode
- Specify an alternative mode. The default mode is set to
rwxr-xr-x (0755). The specified mode may be either an octal or symbolic
value; see chmod(1) for a
description of possible mode values.
-
-
- -N
dbdir
- Use the user database text file
master.passwd and group database text file
group from dbdir, rather than
using the results from the system's
getpwnam(3) and
getgrnam(3) (and related)
library calls.
-
-
- -o
owner
- Specify an owner.
-
-
- -p
- Preserve the source files access and modification
times.
-
-
- -r
- Install to a temporary file and then rename the file to its
final destination name. This can be used for precious files, to avoid
truncation of the original when error conditions (filesystem full etc.)
occur.
-
-
- -S
stripflags
- install passes
stripflags as option arguments to
strip(1). When
-S is used,
strip(1) is invoked via the
sh(1) shell, allowing a single
-S argument be to specified to install
which the shell can then tokenize. Normally, install
invokes strip(1) directly.
This flag implies -s.
-
-
- -s
- install exec's the command
strip(1) to strip binaries so
that install can be portable over a large number of systems and binary
types. If the environment variable
STRIP
is set,
it is used as the strip(1)
program.
-
-
- -T
tags
- Specify the
mtree(8) tags to write out
for the file when using -M
metalog.
-
-
- -U
- Indicate that install is running unprivileged, and that it
should not try to change the owner, the group, or the file flags of the
destination. The information that would have been updated can be stored in
a log file with -M metalog.
By default,
install preserves all file flags, with the
exception of the ``nodump'' flag.
The
install utility attempts to prevent copying a file onto
itself.
Installing
/dev/null creates an empty file.
ENVIRONMENT
-
-
STRIP
- The program used to strip installed binaries when the
-s option is used. If unspecified,
/usr/bin/strip is used.
EXIT STATUS
The
install utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if
an error occurs.
SEE ALSO
chflags(1),
chgrp(1),
chmod(1),
cp(1),
mv(1),
strip(1),
chown(8),
mtree(8)
HISTORY
The
install utility appeared in
4.2BSD.