
		Trouble Shooting

Anyway search please!
	http://www.fml.org/fml/search-e.html
------------------------------------------------------------
1	Overview of trouble samples
1.1	Operating System
1.2	mail server
1.3	fml itself
1.4	on bug reports

2	error messages from makefml
2.1	Please check the group permission in /var/spool/ml

3	CGI
3.1	when I forget remote administrator passwords
3.2	when I forget remote administrator passwords for elena ML CGI
3.3	permission denied when newaliases runs
3.4	apache's configuration error?
3.5	symlink ?
3.6	aliases not updated when I make a ML by CGI ?
3.7	Invalid command 'SSLRequireSSL'
4.1	Error message examples
4.3	Can't locate getopts.pl in @INC at makefml line 104.	
4.4	You fails to use :include: form in /etc/aliases
4.5	553 machine-name host name configuration error
4.6	Executable files not allowed 
4.7	Insecure dependency in chdir, Permission denied, ... 
4.8	sh: fml.pl not available for sendmail programs
4.9	:include: ... is unsafe for mailing to program ...
4.10	include's owner != config.ph's owner.
4.11	/var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: permission denied
4.12	550 User %s@%s doesn't have a valid shell for mailing to programs
4.13	sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: No such file or directory
4.14	sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: command not found

5	Trouble Shooting (around MUA's)
5.1	Microsoft Exchange cannot handle subject tags?
5.2	Cc:Mail trouble 1
5.3	Cc:Mail case N ;_;
5.4	Re: -> Re[2]: 
5.5	Cut off References: fields but left the latest one in it.
5.6	AL-Mail (MUA)
5.7	Eudora cannot understand Reply-To:
5.8	Return-Receipt-To: and cc:Mail
6.1	error messages from perl

7	Trouble Shooting (around FML itself)
7.1	FML accepts only user@domain form, denies addr without domain part
7.2	550 and so on ... in log file
7.3	WARNING: UNIX FROM Loop
7.4	Try mci:prog since smtp connections cannot be opened
7.5	The flock() function is unimplemented ...
7.6	503 Need RCPT (recipient) 
7.7	fml.pl works well but msend.pl and cron.pl cannot work. Why?
7.8	Grammer of msend control file
7.9	Perl understand EUC file as a binary file
7.10	Lha or ish is not found
7.11	A ML host and a WWW host are different
7.12	Can't locate sys/socket.ph in @INC
7.13	You should install sys/socket.ph using h2ph.

8	Header
8.1	Date: is GMT ?
8.2	Strange time zone of mail header
8.3	Received: from  (localhost.domain) by ...
8.4	JST problem

9	Trouble Shooting (obsoletes)
9.1	file test error (SUN OS 4.1.3 JLE)
9.2	the sequence number is not incremented
9.3	PC-VAN, fool BBS
9.4	
9.5	bin/expire.pl
9.6	A bug of sending back files
9.7	[X-ML-NAME:ID] Japanese title [X-ML-NAME:ID] 
9.8	'macro:s'
9.8	'macro:s'
9.9	Can't locate auto/Socket/AF_INET.al in @INC at libsmtp.pl ...

10	OS dependences
10.1	4.4BSD derived systems
10.2	NetBSD
10.3	OpenBSD
10.4	FreeBSD
10.5	Debian/linux
10.6	BSD/OS 3.0, 4.0
10.7	Before BSD/OS 3.0
10.8	4.3BSD
10.9	SUN OS 4.1.3
10.10	HP-UX 9?
10.11	SGI Indy (IRIX5.3)
10.12	UXP/DS V20L10(SVR4.2)
10.13	AIX 4.2
10.14	Socket connection does not work on Solaris 2.4
10.15	flock(2) cannot work on Solaris 2.3
10.16	perl 4 cannot work on DEC alpha(OSF1 V3.0) ?
10.17	article ID duplication error 
10.18	perl 5.003 flock on solaris 2.5 2.5.1 ?

11	misc
11.1	gen_summary.pl
11.2	mget not works well after upgrade
------------------------------------------------------------


1	Overview of trouble samples

The kinds of trouble exmaples covers a lot of areas.

1.1	Operating System

1.2	mail server

1.3	fml itself

1.4	on bug reports

Please check your configuration by following check list.
	http://www.fml.org/fml/CHECK_LIST-e/

2	error messages from makefml

2.1	Please check the group permission in /var/spool/ml

Check the group writable or not. For example, this is bad premission.

>drwxrwxr-x  3 fml   fml    512 Jun  7 23:39 .
>drwxrwxr-x  7 bin   mail  7168 Jun 13 16:07 ..
>drwxrwxr-x  2 root  fml    512 Jun  7 23:39 etc

	# chmod g-w /var/spool/ml 

3	CGI

3.1	when I forget remote administrator passwords

makefml admin.cgi config

	MENU -> CHANGE PASSWORD

3.2	when I forget remote administrator passwords for elena ML CGI

makefml ml-admin.cgi elena config

	MENU -> CHANGE PASSWORD

3.3	permission denied when newaliases runs

In sendmail, newaliaes (root process) creates/update these .db files:

       /etc/aliaes.db  /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.db

       /etc/aliaes.db  /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.db

    FYI:
    
    /etc/aliaes
    
    /etc/aliaes.db
    
    /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases
    
    /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.db
    
3.4	apache's configuration error?

Firstly check /usr/local/apache/logs/errors_log.
Secondary check "User" line of httpd.conf. 
It should be the same as user "fml" which owns /var/spool/ml.

3.5	symlink ?

check "Options FollowSymLinks" for the directiry directive.

3.6	aliases not updated when I make a ML by CGI ?

Hmm, it is broken. Check the follwoing possibilities.

* fml specific

1. /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases has the ML entry you made. 

	/var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.pag
	/var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.dir

2. the date of /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases.db is newer than aliases

* OS specific

1. AliasFile of sendmail.cf

	O AliasFile=/etc/aliases,/var/spool/ml/etc/aliases

2. run newaliases and it shows two lines ?

   /etc/mail/aliases: 30 aliases, longest 49 bytes, 886 bytes total
   /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases: 20 aliases, longest 26 bytes, 239 bytes total

3.7	Invalid command 'SSLRequireSSL'

Q: /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log shows the following error. What is it? 

[Thu May 25 18:49:40 2000] [alert] [client xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] \
                           /usr/local/fml/share/cgi-bin/fml/admin/.htaccess: \
                           Invalid command 'SSLRequireSSL', perhaps mis-spelled \
                           or defined by a module not included in the server \ 
                           configuration

A: 

1. check the grammer for .htaccess

2. check whether normail apache or apache + ssl. For example
   apache + mod_ssl shows the following staring message in error_log:

	[notice] Apache/1.3.12 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.6.4 OpenSSL/0.9.5a
	configured -- resuming normal operations

but normal apache shows

	Apache/1.3.12 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations

4.1	Error message examples

   ----- The following addresses had permanent fatal errors -----
   ----- Transcript of session follows -----

	Quota exceeded

       ----- The following addresses had permanent fatal errors -----
    <rudo@nui.fml.org
    
       ----- Transcript of session follows -----
    procmail: Quota exceeded while writing "/var/spool/mail/rudo"
    550 <rudo@nui.fml.org>... Can't create output
    
	error		origin
	--------------------------------------------------------
	unsafe		permission of files or directories

	loop		/etc/aliases miss-configuration
			did not newaliases

	user unknown	no such user
			/etc/aliases miss-configuration
			did not newaliases

	sh: fml.pl not available
			you use smrsh? properly configured?

	Quota exceeded	Quota exceeded	

4.3	Can't locate getopts.pl in @INC at makefml line 104.	

The installation of perl fails. Please install perl again!

4.4	You fails to use :include: form in /etc/aliases

The following reasons are possible:

* your mail system do not support include form.
  You may require C-Wrapper (see below). 

* "include" file exists in an insecure directory.
  Please check the whole hierarchy permission from / to the "include".
  check	/usr, /usr/local, /usr/local/fml, ... and chmod 755 them!

4.5	553 machine-name host name configuration error

An OS's sendmail causes this error but Sendmail R8 has such codes so I
cannot understand what this error is.  Please ask the vendor. 

4.6	Executable files not allowed 

aliase database /etc/aliases rebuilt by root
cannot open /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases 
Executable files not allowed 

    % chmod a-x /var/spool/ml/etc/aliases

4.7	Insecure dependency in chdir, Permission denied, ... 

4.8	sh: fml.pl not available for sendmail programs

      ----- The following addresses had permanent fatal errors -----
   "|/usr/local/fml/fml.pl /var/spool/ml/elena "
       (expanded from: :include:/var/spool/ml/elena/include)

      ----- Transcript of session follows -----
   sh: fml.pl not available for sendmail programs
   554 "|/usr/local/fml/fml.pl /var/spool/ml/elena "... Service unavailable

    Mprog,                P=/bin/sh, F=lsDFMoqeu9, S=10/30, R=20/40, D=$z:/,

   fml-support:  07458

	require default_config.ph 

    push(@LIBDIR, "/usr/local/fml");
    push(@INC,   "/usr/local/fml");
    1;

    # ln -s /usr/local/fml/fml.pl /usr/adm/sm.bin
    # ln -s /usr/local/fml/libloadconfig.pl /usr/adm/sm.bin/

References: fml-support ML:

	01877,01879,01881
	03942,03944,03965
	05706,05708,05712,05715,05721,05722,05723,05724,05725,05726,05727,05728
	07458,07733

4.9	:include: ... is unsafe for mailing to program ...

* check read and write permission through :include: file path.
* check chownsafe() of sendmail return value. Sendmail package has
test programs in "test" directory
(e.g. /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/test/).

4.10	include's owner != config.ph's owner.

This is just a warning but it may be a possibility that your
permission is invalid. Please check files under $DIR/.

4.11	/var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: permission denied

Run "ls -l fml.pl" to check to show 

	rwxr-xr-x 

executable permission of perl is lost?

4.12	550 User %s@%s doesn't have a valid shell for mailing to programs

Please add the shell which sendmail uses to /etc/shells.

* /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/src/

	else if (bitset(QBOGUSSHELL, a->q_alias->q_flags)) {
	  a->q_flags |= QBADADDR;
	  a->q_status = "5.7.1";
	  if (a->q_alias->q_ruser == NULL)
	    usrerr("550 UID %d is an unknown user: cannot mail to programs",
		   a->q_alias->q_uid);
	  else
	    usrerr("550 User %s@%s doesn't have a valid shell for mailing to programs",
		   a->q_alias->q_ruser, MyHostName);
	}
	else if (bitset(QUNSAFEADDR, a->q_alias->q_flags))

  if (!usershellok(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_shell)) {
    a->q_flags |= QBOGUSSHELL;
  }

4.13	sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: No such file or directory

It implies no file but it implies several possibilities
	* fml.pl is not found
	* perl is not found
	...

4.14	sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: command not found

It implies no file but it implies several possibilities
	* fml.pl is not found
	* perl is not found. 
	The first line "#!/usr/local/bin/perl" determines the 
	location of perl.
	...

5	Trouble Shooting (around MUA's)

5.1	Microsoft Exchange cannot handle subject tags?

fml-support: 01508

Since it is Micro$oft products. sigh ...

5.2	Cc:Mail trouble 1

*** not translated. This Cc:Mail bug is Japanese version only. ***

5.3	Cc:Mail case N ;_;

I dont' know the solution. BUT If you use Cc:Mail, a lot of people
may dislike you.

5.4	Re: -> Re[2]: 

fml-support Count: 01640, for example "Becky! ver 1.10".

5.5	Cut off References: fields but left the latest one in it.

Each user should do it. If you want to setup automatic conversion by
FML, 

$SMTP_OPEN_HOOK .= q!;
	if ($_ = $e{"h:References:"}) {
	    s/\n(\s)/$1/g;
	    if (/(<\S+>)\s*$/) { $_ = $&;}
	    local(@r) = split(/</, $_);
	    $_ = @r[$#r];
	    $e{"h:References:"} = /^</ ? $_ : "<$_";
	}
!;

5.6	AL-Mail (MUA)

AL-Mail (MUA) is a mail client. The mistake of template customization
may lead to always same Message-Id.

5.7	Eudora cannot understand Reply-To:

Some MUA's cannot handle Reply-To fields. e.g. Eudora.

fml-support: 02353

fml-support: 02353
Eudora case: There may exist a patch to enable Reply-To: recognition.

5.8	Return-Receipt-To: and cc:Mail

FML cuts off Return-Receipt-To:! If with it, e.g. Cc:Mail causes an
mail loop.

6.1	error messages from perl

      Can't locate getopts.pl in @INC at makefml line 104.

The installation of perl fails. Please install perl again!

Please see error mails from your MTA. These are typical errors shown
in error mails returned from MTA's.

	error		origin
	--------------------------------------------------------
	unsafe		permission of files or directories
	loop		/etc/aliases miss-configuration
			did not newaliases
	user unknown	no such user
			/etc/aliases miss-configuration
			did not newaliases
	sh: fml.pl not available
			you use smrsh? properly configured?

*	You fails to use :include: form in /etc/aliases

The following reasons are possible:

	* "include" file exists in an insecure directory.
	  Please check the whole hierarchy permission from / to the "include".
	  check	/usr, /usr/local, /usr/local/fml, ... and chmod 755 them!

	* your mail system do not support include form.
	  You may require C-Wrapper (see below). 

If you fails to use :include: in /etc/aliases, please use the
C-wrapper program which may be required to be root-setuid.
The example of the C-wrapper is 

	/var/spool/ml/listname/fml.c 

Please compile and set it properly. I recommend you council the
setting of the C-wrapper with the administrator of the
machine since it requires a lot of attention.

FYI: Some OS's provides a memo on installation. Please check your OS.
e.g.	Debian Linux	/usr/doc/fml/

7	Trouble Shooting (around FML itself)

7.1	FML accepts only user@domain form, denies addr without domain part

7.2	550 and so on ... in log file

FML logs error messages from sendmail which messages begin with 4XX or
5XX. Check log file of FML and sendmail. $DIR/var/log/_smtplog (SMTP
session log) may be useful.

7.3	WARNING: UNIX FROM Loop

Warning against mail loop. This warning occurs if the mail is MAIL
FROM: $MAINTAINER. IT MUST BE INVALID since it implies the mail comes
from fml.pl itself. This error may occur when a site runs "sendmail -
bd -t" (A BIG MISTAKE).

Also if $MAINTAINER is yourself address and you send e-mail to fml.pl
on its host, this mechanism works and rejects your mail as mail loop.
Hence we recommend $MAINTAINER is -admin or -request form. If

	$NOT_USE_UNIX_FROM_LOOP_CHECK = 1; (default 0)

this mechanism does not work.

7.4	Try mci:prog since smtp connections cannot be opened

FML connects MTA as a delivery system via SMTP connection. If socket()
or connect() establishment fails, FML executes local programs
e.g. sendmail and use it. If this log message occurs a lot of times,
it is better to enforce to run sendmail as a command always not using
socket connection to sendmail, To do it, set up in config.ph

	$Envelope{'mci:mailer'} = 'prog';

In this case fml.pl runs $SENDMAIL as a delivery program.

	$SENDMAIL (default "/usr/sbin/sendmail")

7.5	The flock() function is unimplemented ...

* compilation of perl fails
* you compiled perl as not using flock()
* perl cannot emulate flock() on some SYSV?

If you cannot avoid this, please set 

	$USE_FLOCK = 0;

in config.ph. FML does not use flock(2) but use link(2) style lock
algorithm.

7.6	503 Need RCPT (recipient) 

Check mail headers from the person.

* header is invalid?
* cannot extract address part from From: field?

7.7	fml.pl works well but msend.pl and cron.pl cannot work. Why?

In some ISP's, a host where user's cron job runs and a host receiving
in coming mails are different, in addition they are different
operations systems. This is a special case, so please consult with
your ISP or administrators of your host.

7.8	Grammer of msend control file

*** not translated sine this is in the old age.

msend.pl understand the following format. Hence if you edit the digest
control file (active file) by hand, you should write the following
format.

	address	m=digest-parameter

    #.FML HEADER
    # NEW FORMAT FOR FURTHER EXTENSION
    # e.g. fukachan@phys r=relayserver m=3u s=skip 
    # r= relayserver
    # m= matomeokuri parameter is time and option
    # s= skip. can post from this address but not delivered here.
    #
    # the same obsolete format is compatible with new format and as follows:
    # e.g. fukachan@phys relay-server matome 3u
    #.endFML HEADER
    Elena@Baycity.jp  m=1u
    
7.9	Perl understand EUC file as a binary file

*** Japanese specific problem. 

7.10	Lha or ish is not found

*	lha or ish not exist
*	shared library is different 
	Some ISP's provide a user for several hosts with different OS's. 
	So fml.pl and msend.pl works differently.

7.11	A ML host and a WWW host are different

If you runs fml.pl on a host but the host file system is different one
the www server uses, you cannot provide www access. One possible
solution is to run fml.pl using POP3.

7.12	Can't locate sys/socket.ph in @INC

	Can't locate sys/socket.ph in @INC (did you run h2ph?) at ...
	554 "|/usr/spool/driver/fml"... unknown mailer error 2

You need to create e.g. /usr/local/lib/perl/sys/socket.ph by running h2ph.

	% (cd /usr/include; h2ph * sys/*)

7.13	You should install sys/socket.ph using h2ph.

Please see the previous session for the reason.

8	Header

8.1	Date: is GMT ?

If you use qmail, that is qmail.

8.2	Strange time zone of mail header

Please check time zone of sendmail.cf if you use old sendmail.cf.
The last method is to configure $ENV{'TZ'} in config.ph.

8.3	Received: from  (localhost.domain) by ...

If the mail header delivered from fml.pl has "Received: from
localhost.domain", it comes from connection information since fml.pl
uses loopback to connect sendmail. Please set $HOST to your machine
external interface name to reveal your hostname in the header.

8.4	JST problem

*** Japanese specific ***

9	Trouble Shooting (obsoletes)

9.1	file test error (SUN OS 4.1.3 JLE)

not translated since SUN OS JLE is Japanese Language Extension for Japan.

9.2	the sequence number is not incremented

for seek() bug of SUN OS JLE.

9.3	PC-VAN, fool BBS

*** Japan specific

9.4	

*** not translated since this bug is fml 1.6.x.

9.5	bin/expire.pl

*** not translated. this bug is before 1996/11/11. ***  

9.6	A bug of sending back files

*** not translated. this bug is in the age of fml 1.6.x. ***

9.7	[X-ML-NAME:ID] Japanese title [X-ML-NAME:ID] 

*** Japanese specific problem. 

9.8	'macro:s'
9.8	'macro:s'

This variable is the host "HELO host" in SMTP session. 
This variable should be FQDN of your host.

9.9	Can't locate auto/Socket/AF_INET.al in @INC at libsmtp.pl ...

perl 5.000 cannot work well.
10	OS dependences

10.1	4.4BSD derived systems

4.4BSD is the target machine. Nothing annoys you.

10.2	NetBSD

NetBSD is the target operating system. Anything are O.K.

10.3	OpenBSD

10.4	FreeBSD

10.5	Debian/linux

10.6	BSD/OS 3.0, 4.0

10.7	Before BSD/OS 3.0

I believe nothing to do.

10.8	4.3BSD

4.3BSD is the target machine until from the first to FML 2.0 alpha or
so. I believe nothing annoys you.

10.9	SUN OS 4.1.3

FML must works well, but SUN OS JLE (Japanese Language Extension) has
a lot of bugs, which paranoids you.

10.10	HP-UX 9?

Very strange. I don't know know-hows on HP.  Syscalls around setuid is
between 4.3 and 4.4 ?  You may or may not require "perl -U"(enable
insecure action) or that ":include:file" (with ") is required? and so
on...  That is, there is a lot of riddles ...

10.11	SGI Indy (IRIX5.3)

    From:    nino@windy.mech.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp
    
    (See fj.sys.sgi)
    
SGI may require kernel reconfig with -D_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED and
replace sendmail, sendmail.cf with latest ones.

10.12	UXP/DS V20L10(SVR4.2)

	FUJITSU GRANPOWER 7000(DS/90)
	UXP/DS V20L10(SVR4.2)

require

	$COMPAT_SOLARIS2 = 1;

10.13	AIX 4.2

fml-support: 04555

sendmail 8.8.5	include style works 
sendmail 8.8.8	include style fails but
		C Wrapper (fml.c fml-ctl.c) works

10.14	Socket connection does not work on Solaris 2.4

Now "makefml" probes your operations system and writes it into
config.ph as a variable

	$CPU_TYPE_MANUFACTURER_OS 

Please check it contains "solaris2". If your host is OEM of solaris2,
it may not have the string.

Enforce Solaris 2 compatible socket constants to fml.pl, please set

	$COMPAT_SOLARIS2 = 1; 

10.15	flock(2) cannot work on Solaris 2.3

Please try 

	$USE_FLOCK = 0;

10.16	perl 4 cannot work on DEC alpha(OSF1 V3.0) ?

Please try perl 5.

10.17	article ID duplication error 

Please see below.

10.18	perl 5.003 flock on solaris 2.5 2.5.1 ?

Fixed at somewhere from 2.1 to 2.2. It comes the bug flock(2)
emulation? Now I believe flock(2) works well also on solaris.

11	misc

11.1	gen_summary.pl

spool/100 spool/102 

11.2	mget not works well after upgrade

try 
	$INSECURE_SYSTEM = 1;
in config.ph.


		INDEX

/var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: permission denied   ...   4.11 
4.3BSD                                     ...   10.8 
4.4BSD derived systems                     ...   10.1 
503 Need RCPT (recipient)                  ...   7.6 
553 machine-name host name configuration error   ...   4.5 
:include: ... is unsafe for mailing to program ...   ...   4.9 
AL-Mail                                    ...   5.6 
article ID duplication error               ...   10.17 
Can't locate auto/Socket/AF_INET.al in @INC at libsmtp.pl ...   ...   9.9 
Can't locate sys/socket.ph in @INC         ...   7.12 
cc:Mail                                    ...   5.2 5.3 5.8 
CyberDog-1.1J-beta                         ...   9.7 
DEC alpha(OSF1 V3.0)                       ...   10.16 
doesn't have a valid shell                 ...   4.12 
EUC                                        ...   7.9 
flock                                      ...   9.2 
h2ph                                       ...   7.13 
HP-UX                                      ...   10.10 
include's owner != config.ph's owner.      ...   4.10 
Insecure dependency in chdir               ...   4.7 
IPC                                        ...   7.4 
IRIX5.3                                    ...   10.11 
ish not found                              ...   7.10 
lha not found                              ...   7.10 
libsmtp.pl                                 ...   7.4 
lseek                                      ...   9.2 
'macro:s'                                  ...   9.8 
Microsoft Exchange                         ...   5.1 
nkf                                        ...   5.2 
OS dependences                             ...   10 
PC-VAN                                     ...   9.3 
Permission denied                          ...   4.7 
Received:                                  ...   8.3 
$SENDFILE_NO_FILECHECK                     ...   9.1 
sendmail.cf                                ...   8.2 8.3 
seq                                        ...   9.2 
sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: command not found   ...   4.14 
sh: /var/spool/ml/src/fml.pl: No such file or directory   ...   4.13 
$SUBJECT_HML_FORM                          ...   9.7 
SUN OS 4.1.3                               ...   9.1 10.9 
sys/socket.ph                              ...   7.12 
The flock() function is unimplemented ...   ...   7.5 
trouble shooting (obsoletes)               ...   9 
trouble shooting around FML itself         ...   7 
trouble shooting around MUA                ...   5 
TZ                                         ...   8.2 
WARNING: UNIX FROM Loop                    ...   7.3 
You should install sys/socket.ph using h2ph.   ...   7.13 
