LIBNETPGP(3)

NAME
libnetpgp - digital signing and verification, encryption and decryption

LIBRARY
libnetpgp

SYNOPSIS
#include <netpgp.h>

The following functions relate to initialisations and finalisations:
int
netpgp_init(netpgp_t *netpgp);
int
netpgp_end(netpgp_t *netpgp);

The following functions are for debugging, reflection and information:
int
netpgp_set_debug(const char *filename);
int
netpgp_get_debug(const char *filename);
int
netpgp_get_info(const char *type);
int
netpgp_list_packets(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *filename, int armour, char *pubringname);

The following functions are for variable management:
int
netpgp_setvar(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *name, const char *value);
char *
netpgp_getvar(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *name);
int
netpgp_incvar(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *name, const int delta);
int
netpgp_unsetvar(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *name);

The following function sets the home directory:
int
netpgp_set_homedir(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *homedir, char *subdir, const int quiet);

The following functions are used for key management:
int
netpgp_list_keys(netpgp_t *netpgp, const int printsigs);
int
netpgp_list_keys_json(netpgp_t *netpgp, char **json, const int psigs);
int
netpgp_match_keys(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *name, const char *fmt, void *vp, const int psigs);
int
netpgp_match_keys_json(netpgp_t *netpgp, char **json, char *name, const char *fmt, const int psigs);
int
netpgp_match_pubkeys(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *name, void *vp);
int
netpgp_find_key(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *userid);
char *
netpgp_get_key(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *name, const char *fmt);
int
netpgp_export_key(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *userid);
int
netpgp_import_key(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *file);
int
netpgp_generate_key(netpgp_t *netpgp, char *userid, int numbits);
int
netpgp_validate_sigs(netpgp_t *netpgp);
int
netpgp_format_json(void *vp, const char *json, const int psigs);

The following functions are used for file management:
int
netpgp_encrypt_file(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *userid, const char *filename, char *out, int armored);
int
netpgp_decrypt_file(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *filename, char *out, int armored);
int
netpgp_sign_file(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *userid, const char *filename, char *out, int armored, int cleartext, int detached);
int
netpgp_verify_file(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *in, const char *out, int armored);

The following functions are used for memory signing and encryption:
int
netpgp_encrypt_memory(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *userid, void *in, const size_t insize, char *out, size_t outsize, int armored);
int
netpgp_decrypt_memory(netpgp_t *netpgp, const void *input, const size_t insize, char *out, size_t outsize, const int armored);
int
netpgp_sign_memory(netpgp_t *netpgp, const char *userid, char *mem, size_t size, char *out, size_t outsize, const unsigned armored, const unsigned cleartext);
int
netpgp_verify_memory(netpgp_t *netpgp, const void *in, const size_t insize, void *out, size_t outsize, const int armored);

DESCRIPTION
libnetpgp is a library interface to enable digital signatures to be created and verified, and also for files and memory to be encrypted and decrypted. Functions are also provided for management of user keys.

The library uses functions from the openssl library for multi-precision integer arithmetic, and for RSA and DSA key signing and verification, encryption and decryption.

Normal operation sees the libnetpgp process be initialised using the netpgp_init() function, which will set up the public and private keyrings, as well as set the user identity in the userid member of the netpgp_t structure. These are set using the netpgp_setvar() function and unset using the netpgp_unsetvar() function. If no public key ring file is set, initial values will be taken from those in the .gnupg/pubring.gpg file in the user's home directory. Similarly, if no secret key ring file is set, initial values will be taken from those in the .gnupg/secring.gpg file in the user's home directory. The user identity is obtained from the userid environment variable, or failing that, the value of the “default-key” setting from .gnupg/gpg.conf file in the user's home directory is used. The netpgp_init() function returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.

To list all the keys in a keyring, the netpgp_list_keys() function is used. To list all the keys in a keyring as a JSON encoded string, the netpgp_list_keys_json() function is used. To find and list keys in a keyring, the netpgp_match_keys() function is used. To find and list keys in a keyring, output as a JSON encoded string, the netpgp_match_keys_json() function is used. To find and list keys in a better suited machine-readble format, such as for redirection to other parsing engines, the netpgp_match_pubkeys() function is used. The signature subkey fields can also be displayed using this function.

The home directory is specified as an internal variable, and its existence is checked using the netpgp_set_homedir() function. This function can operate in a verbose or quiet manner, depending on the value of the argument provided. If the subdirectory argument is provided, this subdirectory is appended to the home directory in order to search for the keyrings.

To print key information from a JSON encoded string, stored in a file, the netpgp_format_json() function is used.

To validate the signature of keys in a public key keyring, the netpgp_validate_sigs() function is used.

To export a key, the netpgp_export_key() function is used. Output is sent to the standard output.

To import a key onto the public keyring, the netpgp_import_key() function is used. The name of the file containing the key to be imported is provided as the filename argument.

To generate a key, the netpgp_generate_key() function is used. It takes an argument of the number of bits to use in the key. At the time that this manual page was created (April 2009), the recommendations are that the bare minimum key size of at least 2048 bits is used, and it would be much better to use at least 4096 or 8192 bits. This situation should be monitored to ensure that it does not go out of date.

Encryption, decryption, signing and verification of files are the lifeblood of the libnetpgp library. To encrypt a file, the netpgp_encrypt_file() function is used, and the netpgp_decrypt_file() function is used to decrypt the results of the encryption. To sign a file, the netpgp_sign_file() function is used, and the resulting signed file can be verified using the netpgp_verify_file() function.

netpgp_sign_memory() is a function which can sign an area of memory, and netpgp_verify_memory() verifies the digital signature produced.

Internally, an encrypted or signed file is made up of “packets” which hold information pertaining to the signature, encryption method, and the data which is being protected. This information can be displayed in a verbose manner using the netpgp_list_packets() function.

The netpgp_setvar() and netpgp_getvar() functions are used to manage the hash algorithm that is used with RSA signatures. These functions are general purpose functions, and are used to set and retrieve values for internal variables. For example, they can be used to set and to retrieve the value of the user id which has been set, the home directory from which to find the keyrings, the verbosity settings, and many more. The netpgp_incvar() function is used to add a numeric increment to the internal variable. This incremental value can be negative. It is primarily used to increase the verbosity settings.

In libnetpgp files are encrypted using the public key of the userid. The secret key is used to decrypt the results of that encryption. Files are signed using the secret key of the userid. The public key is used to verify that the file was signed, who signed the file, and the date and time at which it was signed.

Some utility functions are also provided for debugging, and for finding out version and maintainer information from calling programs. These are the netpgp_set_debug() and the netpgp_get_debug() functions (for getting verbose debugging information on a per-source file basis).

The netpgp_get_info() function returns the version or maintainer information depending upon the type argument. At the present time, two types are defined: “version” and “maintainer”. The maintainer information returned contains the name, email address, and PGP short key id. A failure to present a known type argument to netpgp_get_info() will result in the string “[unknown]” being returned.

SEE ALSO
netpgp(1), ssl(3)

HISTORY
The libnetpgp library first appeared in NetBSD 6.0.

AUTHORS
-nosplit Ben Laurie, Rachel Willmer. Alistair Crooks <agc@NetBSD.org> wrote this high-level interface.

This manual page was written by Alistair Crooks.